Europium
63
Eu
Group
n/a
Period
6
Block
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
63
63
89
General Properties
Atomic Number
63
Atomic Weight
151.964
Mass Number
152
Category
Lanthanides
Colour
Silver
Radioactive
No
Europium was named after Europe
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic
History
Europium was first found by Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1890.
In 1896, French chemist Eugène-Antole Demarçay identified spectroscopic lines in ‘samarium' caused by europium.
He successfully isolated europium in 1901 using repeated crystallizations of samarium magnesium nitrate.
In 1896, French chemist Eugène-Antole Demarçay identified spectroscopic lines in ‘samarium' caused by europium.
He successfully isolated europium in 1901 using repeated crystallizations of samarium magnesium nitrate.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 25, 8, 2
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 6s2
Europium is the most reactive rare earth element
Physical Properties
Phase
Solid
Density
5.243 g/cm3
Melting Point
1099.15 K | 826 °C | 1518.8 °F
Boiling Point
1802.15 K | 1529 °C | 2784.2 °F
Heat of Fusion
9.2 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
175 kJ/mol
Specific Heat Capacity
0.182 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.00018%
Abundance in Universe
5×10-8%
CAS Number
7440-53-1
PubChem CID Number
23981
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius
180 pm
Covalent Radius
198 pm
Electronegativity
1.2 (Pauling scale)
Ionization Potential
5.6704 eV
Atomic Volume
20.8 cm3/mol
Thermal Conductivity
0.139 W/cm·K
Oxidation States
2, 3
Applications
Europium is used in the manufacture of fluorescent glass.
It is also used in the anti-counterfeiting phosphors in Euro banknotes.
Europium-doped plastic has been used as a laser material.
Europium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
It is also used in the anti-counterfeiting phosphors in Euro banknotes.
Europium-doped plastic has been used as a laser material.
Europium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are used in nuclear reactor control rods.
Europium is considered to be mildly toxic
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
151Eu, 153EuUnstable Isotopes
130Eu, 131Eu, 132Eu, 133Eu, 134Eu, 135Eu, 136Eu, 137Eu, 138Eu, 139Eu, 140Eu, 141Eu, 142Eu, 143Eu, 144Eu, 145Eu, 146Eu, 147Eu, 148Eu, 149Eu, 150Eu, 152Eu, 154Eu, 155Eu, 156Eu, 157Eu, 158Eu, 159Eu, 160Eu, 161Eu, 162Eu, 163Eu, 164Eu, 165Eu, 166Eu, 167Eu