Strontium
38
Sr
Group
2
Period
5
Block
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
38
38
50
General Properties
Atomic Number
38
Atomic Weight
87.62
Mass Number
88
Category
Alkaline earth metals
Colour
Silver
Radioactive
No
Named after Strontian, a town in Scotland
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic
History
Strontium was recognised as a new element in 1790 when Adair Crawford and his colleague William Cruickshank analyzed a mineral sample from a lead mine near Strontian, Scotland.
The element was eventually isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808.
The isolation was done by the electrolysis of a mixture containing strontium chloride and mercuric oxide.
The element was eventually isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808.
The isolation was done by the electrolysis of a mixture containing strontium chloride and mercuric oxide.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 8, 2
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 5s2
Strontium metal turns yellow when exposed to air
Physical Properties
Phase
Solid
Density
2.64 g/cm3
Melting Point
1050.15 K | 777 °C | 1430.6 °F
Boiling Point
1655.15 K | 1382 °C | 2519.6 °F
Heat of Fusion
8 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization
137 kJ/mol
Specific Heat Capacity
0.301 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0.036%
Abundance in Universe
4×10-6%
Image Credits: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
The chemical element strontium as a synthetic made crystals, sealed under argon in a glas ampoule
CAS Number
7440-24-6
PubChem CID Number
5359327
Atomic Properties
Atomic Radius
215 pm
Covalent Radius
195 pm
Electronegativity
0.95 (Pauling scale)
Ionization Potential
5.6949 eV
Atomic Volume
33.7 cm3/mol
Thermal Conductivity
0.353 W/cm·K
Oxidation States
1, 2
Applications
The primary use for strontium is in glass for colour television cathode ray tubes.
Strontium salts are used in flares and fireworks for a crimson colour.
Strontium chloride is used in toothpaste for sensitive teeth.
Strontium oxide is used to improve the quality of pottery glazes.
Strontium salts are used in flares and fireworks for a crimson colour.
Strontium chloride is used in toothpaste for sensitive teeth.
Strontium oxide is used to improve the quality of pottery glazes.
Strontium's non-radioactive isotopes are considered non-toxic
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
84Sr, 86Sr, 87Sr, 88SrUnstable Isotopes
73Sr, 74Sr, 75Sr, 76Sr, 77Sr, 78Sr, 79Sr, 80Sr, 81Sr, 82Sr, 83Sr, 85Sr, 89Sr, 90Sr, 91Sr, 92Sr, 93Sr, 94Sr, 95Sr, 96Sr, 97Sr, 98Sr, 99Sr, 100Sr, 101Sr, 102Sr, 103Sr, 104Sr, 105Sr